Which option describes a "surface" mounted electrical panel?

A "surface" mounted electrical panel refers to a type of panel that is installed directly onto the surface of a wall. This method means that the panel does not require any recessed space within the wall or any hidden installation that would involve the panel being behind or flush with the wall surface. Instead, you can visibly see the panel as it protrudes outward from the wall.

This visibility can be particularly beneficial for accessibility, as it allows for easy access to the circuit breakers and electrical connections. Surface-mounted panels are often found in locations where it is impractical or not permissible to install electrical equipment inside walls, such as in basements, garages, or certain commercial installations. The other options describe mounting scenarios that either conceal the panel or do not align with what is characteristic of surface-mounted installation.