Why is it critical to have separate sanitary sewer lines in a facility?

Having separate sanitary sewer lines in a facility is critical primarily to prevent contamination. This separation is essential for protecting public health and the environment. When sanitary sewer lines are distinct from stormwater drains or other sewer systems, it minimizes the risk of cross-contamination between wastewater and clean water sources. If these lines were combined, there could be significant health risks, especially during heavy rainfall or flooding when stormwater could backflow into the sanitary system, potentially leading to overflow and the spread of harmful pathogens.

Effective wastewater management systems strive to ensure that sewage is treated properly without risk of mixing with other water supplies, which could lead to serious hygiene issues and environmental damage. Therefore, the rationale for maintaining separate sanitary sewer lines is fundamentally rooted in safeguarding health and environmental safety.